Seminars in Perinatology
Volume 31, Issue 6 , Pages 372-377 , December 2007

Contraception for the Transplant Patient

References 

  1. OPTN Data. Available at: http://www.optn.org/latestData/rptData.asp
  2. WHO Medical Eligibility for Contraceptive Use. (3rd ed).. 2004;Geneva, Switzerland. Available at: http://www.who.int/reproductive-health/publications/mec/mec.pdf
  3. Zerner J, Doil K, Drewry J, et al. Intrauterine contraceptive device failures in renal transplant patients. J Reprod Med. 1981;26:99–102
  4. Ortiz M, Croxatto H. Copper-T intrauterine device and levonorgestrel intrauterine system: biological bases of their mechanism of action. Contraception. 2007;75(suppl 1):S16–S30
  5. Micromedex® Drug Monographs. Greenwood Village, CO: Thomson Micromedex; 2004;
  6. Van Molle W, Libert C. How glucocorticoids control their own strength and the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Eur J Immunol. 2005;35:3396–3399
  7. Morrison C, Sekadde-Kingondu C, Sinei S, et al. Is the intrauterine device appropriate contraception for HIV-1 infected women?. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 2001;108:784–790
  8. Lockhat F, Emembolu J, Konje J. Serum and peritoneal fluid levles of levonorgestrel in women with endometriosis who were treated with an intrauterine contraceptive device containing levonorgestrel. Fertil Steril. 2005;83:398–404
  9. Shoup D, Mishell D, Bopp B, et al. The significance of bleeding patterns in Norplant implant users. Obstet Gynecol. 1993;77:256–265
  10. WHO Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraception. 2006;
  11. Scholes D, LaCroix A, Ichikawa L, et al. Change in bone mineral density among adolescent women using and discontinuing depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception. Arch Pediatr Adoles Med. 2005;159:139–144
  12. Funk S, Miller M, Mishell D, et al. Safety and efficacy of Implanon- a single rod implantable contraceptive containing etonorgestrel. Contraception. 2005;71:319–326
  13. Back D, Madden S, Orme M. Gastrointestinal metabolism of contraceptive steroids. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990;163:2138–2145
  14. Watkins P, Wrighton S, Schuetz E, et al. Identification of glucocorticoid-inducible cytochromes P-450 in the intestinal mucosa of rats and man. J Clin Invest. 1987;80:1029–1036
  15. Seidegard J, Simonson M, Edsbacker S. Effect of an oral contraceptive on the circulating levels of budesonide and prednisolone and the influence on plasma cortisol. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000;67:373–381
  16. Dickinson B, Altman R, Nielsen N, et al. Drug interactions between oral contraceptives and antibiotics. Obstet Gynecol. 2001;98:853–860
  17. Pietrzak B, Kaminski P, Wielgos M, et al. Combined oral contraception in women after renal transplantation. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2006;27:679–682
  18. Sucato G, Murray P. Gynecologicc health care for the adolescent solid organ transplant recipient. Pediatr Transplant. 2005;9:346–356
  19. Van Der Heuvel M, van Bragt A, Alnabawy A, et al. Comparison of ethinyl estradiol pharmacokinetics in three hormonal contraceptive formulations: the vaginal ring, the transdermal patch and an oral contracpetive. Contraception. 2005;72:168–174
  20. Cole J, Norman H, Doherty M, et al. Venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction and stroke among transdermal contraceptive system users. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;109:339–346
  21. Jick S, Kaye J, Russman S, et al. Risk of nonfatal venous thromboembolism in women using a transdermal contraceptive patch and an oral contraceptive containing norgestimate and 35 mcgm of ethinyl estradiol. Contraception. 2006;73:223–228
  22. Jick S, Kaye J, Li L, et al. Further results on the risk of nonfatal venous thromboembolism in women using a transdermal contraceptive patch and an oral contraceptive containing norgestimate and 35 mcgm of ethinyl estradiol. Contraception. 2007;76:4–7
  23. Hatcher R, Trussell J, Stewart F, et al. Contraceptive Technology. (18th ed).. New York, NY: Ardent Media; 2004;

PII: S0146-0005(07)00111-5

doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2007.09.007

Seminars in Perinatology
Volume 31, Issue 6 , Pages 372-377 , December 2007