Seminars in Perinatology
Volume 30, Issue 5 , Pages 309-312 , October 2006

The Ethics of Cesarean Section by Choice

  • Howard Minkoff, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Howard Minkoff, MD, Maimonides Medical Center, 967 48th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11219.

References 

  1. Births: Method of Delivery. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/delivery.htm
  2. Minkoff H , Chervenak FA . Elective primary cesarean delivery . N Engl J Med . 2003;348:946–950
  3. Minkoff H , Powderley KR , Chervenak F , et al.   Ethical dimensions of elective primary cesarean delivery . Obstet Gynecol . 2004;103:387–392
  4. Gillon R . Ethics needs principles—four can encompass the rest—and respect for autonomy should be “first among equals” . Med Ethics . 2003;29:307–312
  5. Campell AV . The virtues (and vices) of the four principles . J Med Ethics . 2003;29:292–296
  6. McCullough LB , Chervenak FA . Ethics in Obstetrics and Gynecology . New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1994;
  7. Annas G G . She’s Going to Die: The Case of Angela C . 18 Hastings Center Report 23 (Feb/March) . 1988;
  8. In re A.C., 573 A. 2d 1235, 1252 (D.C. en banc 1990)
  9. Professionalism in the new millennium: a physician charter . Ann Intern Med . 2002;136:243–246
  10. In Re Quinlan 1976. 70 N.J. 10-55, 355 A. 2d 647-672, certioriari denied, 492 S.S. 922
  11. Washington v. Glucksberg, 521 U.S. 793 (1997)
  12. Vacco v. Quill, 521 U.S. 793 (1997)
  13. Yoho RA , Romaine JJ , O’Neil D . Review of the liposuction, abdominoplasty, and face-lift mortality and morbidity risk literature . Dermatol Surg . 2005;31:733–743
  14. Lucas DN , Yentis SM , Holfcroff A , et al.   Urgency of cesarean: a new classification . J Roy Soc Med . 2000;93:346–350
  15. Minkoff H , Paltrow L . Unborn children and the rights of pregnant women . Hastings Cent Rep March-April . 2006;36(2):26–28
  16. Int’l Union v. Johnson Controls, Inc., 499 U.S. 197-206 (1991)
  17. Kolder VE , Gallagher J , Parsons MT . Court-ordered obstetrical interventions . N Engl J Med . 1987;316:1192–1196
  18. Missouri v. Smith, Jackson County Circuit Court, Case No.CR2000-00964, States Response to Motion to Dismiss the Indictment(Aug 10, 2002) at 2
  19. Minkoff HL , Moreno J , Powderly C . Fetal protection and women’s access to clinical trials . J Women’s Health . 1992;1:137–140
  20. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Bioethics . Fetal therapy: ethical considerations . Pediatrics . 1999;103:1061–1063
  21. Maternal Decision Making, ethic and the law. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 321. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists . Obstet Gynecol . 2005;106:1127–1137
  22. Emanuel EJ , Emanuel LL . Four models of the physician-patient relationship . J Am Med Assoc . 1992;267:2221–2226

PII: S0146-0005(06)00104-2

doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2006.07.013

Seminars in Perinatology
Volume 30, Issue 5 , Pages 309-312 , October 2006

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